THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANONYMITY AND CYBER SEXUAL HARASSMENT BY TWITTER USERS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

  • Rizanna Rosemary Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
  • Arief Bayu Wardhana Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
  • Hamdani M. Syam Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
  • Novi Susilawati Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
Keywords: anonimitas, cyber sexual harrasment, twitter, anonymity, deindividuation theory

Abstract

Background: Cases of cyber sexual harassment are increasing, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic.  SAFEnet data showed cases of online sexual harassment and in 2020 increased by 40%, namely 659 cases. Purpose: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the relationship between anonymity and Twitter users' desire to commit cyber sexual harassment and test the Deindividuation theory. Methods: The population in this study were Twitter users aged 16-54 years. The sample size was determined using the Slovin formula with a sample of 280 respondents, who were selected randomly. Data collection through questionnaire distribution, using the Sexual Experiences Questionnaire (SEQ) scale. Results: Through data analysis with SPSS 25.0, it was found that the Pearson Product Moment correlation value between anonymity and Cyber Sexual Harassment (CSH) was (r) 0.749 > r_table 0.113. Conclusion: The research shows that there is a relationship between anonymity and Twitter users' willingness to commit cyber sexual harassment, with a positive relationship direction. The lower the anonymity, the lower the desire to commit CSH, and vice versa. 

Abstrak

Latar Belakang: Kasus pelecehan seksual siber meningkat terkhusus di masa pandemi Covid-19.  Data SAFEnet menunjukkan kasus pelecehan seksual secara online dan pada tahun 2020 meningkat 40%, yakni 659 Kasus. Tujuan: Studi cross-sectional ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan anonimitas dengan keinginan pengguna Twitter melakukan pelecehan seksual siber dan menguji teori Deindividuasi. Metode: Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah pengguna Twitter usia 16-54 tahun. Jumlah sampel ditentukan dengan rumus Slovin dengan sampel sebanyak 280 responden, yang dipilih secara acak (random). Pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran kuesioner, dengan menggunakan skala Sexual Experiences Questionnaire (SEQ). Hasil: Melalui analisis data dengan SPSS 25.0, ditemukan bahwa nilai korelasi Pearson Product Moment antara anonimitas dengan Cyber Sexual Harassment (CSH) adalah (r) 0,749 > r_tabel0,113. Kesimpulan: Penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara anonimitas dengan keinginan pengguna Twitter melakukan pelecehan seksual siber, dengan arah hubungan yang positif. Semakin rendah anonimitas, semakin rendah keinginan untuk melakukan CSH, dan sebaliknya.

References

Amry, H., & Pratama, M. (2021). Pengaruh anonimitas terhadap cyberbullying pada penggemar k-pop twitter. NUSANTARA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, 8(1), pp. 262-270. doi: 10.31604/jips.v8i1.2021.262-270

Barak, A. (2005). Sexual harassment on the Internet. Social science computer review, 23(1), pp. 77-92. doi: 10.1177/0894439304271540

Fajriani, & Bahri, S. (2015). Suatu Kajian Awal Terhadap Tingkat Pelecehan Seksual Di Aceh. Jurnal Pencerahan, 9(1), pp. 50-65.

Ilma, U., Latifa, R., Subchi, I., Layyinah., Idriyani, N., & Roup, M. (2020). Social Anxiety on Instagram Second Account User. Paper presented at the 8th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management, University of Gothenburg.

Jessup, L. M., Connolly, T., & Tansik, D. A. (1990). Toward Atheory of automated group work: The deindividuating effects of anonymity. Small group research, 21(3), pp. 333-348. doi: 10.1177/1046496490213003

Kabay, M., Salveggio, E., Guess, R., & Rosco, R. D. (2012). Anonymity and identity in cyberspace. Computer Security Handbook, 70.71-70.37. doi: 10.1002/9781118820650.ch70

Kabay, M. E. (1998). Anonymity and pseudonymity in cyberspace: deindividuation, incivility and lawlessness versus freedom and privacy. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the European Institute for Computer Anti-virus Research (EICAR), Munich, Germany.

Ma’rifah, I. (2022). Hubungan Antara Anonimitas Dengan Perilaku Cyberbullying Pada Remaja. (Skripsi Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau).

Kemala, A, P. (2020). Kriminalisasi Pelecehan Seksual Yang Dilakukan Oleh Pengidap Fetishistic Disorder Yang Mencerminkan Prinsip Lex Certa Dan Lex Stricta. (Skripsi Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Indonesia).

Mukhoyyaroh, T. (2020). Anonimitas dan deindividuasi pada remaja pengguna sosial media. Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 11(1), pp. 26-32. doi: 10.29080/jpp.v11i1.354

Nova, F. F., Rifat, M. R., Saha, P., Ahmed, S. I., & Guha, S. (2019). Online sexual harassment over anonymous social media in Bangladesh. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development.

Permana, M. H., & Koesanto, S. (2023). Analisis Media Komunikasi Online terkait Pelecehan Seksual dalam Chatbot di Telegram. IKOMIK: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi dan Informasi, 3(1), pp. 38-44. doi: 10.33830/ikomik.v3i1.5447

Saputra, R,R,A. (2019). Perlindungan Hukum Pidana Terhadap Korban Pelecehan Seksual Bersifat Verbal Dalam Tindak Pidana Cybercrime Atas Ketidaksesuaian Antara Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Nomor 265/Pid. Sus/2017/Pn. Mtr Dan Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 574k/Pid. Sus/Ma Berdasarkan Pertimbangan Hakim Dalam Memutus Perkara. (Skripsi Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa).

Rosemary, R., & Rachmatan, R. (2013). Pengaruh Akses Informasi Tentang ASI Eksklusif (ASIX) Melalui Twitter Terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan Ibu Menyusui. Paper presented at the Yarsi.

SAFEnet. (2020). Peningkatan Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online selama Pandemi. Access from. https://id.safenet.or.id/2020/12/rilis-pers-peningkatan-kekerasan-berbasis-gender-online-selama-pandemi/

Santana, A. D. (2014). Virtuous or vitriolic: The effect of anonymity on civility in online newspaper reader comment boards. Journalism practice, 8(1), 18-33. doi: 10.1080/17512786.2013.813194

Sari, M. M., Kusumasari, B., & Hadi, M. P. (2021). Media Sosial (Twitter) Untuk Komunikasi Tanggap Darurat Erupsi Gunungapi Agung 2017. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 18(2), pp. 201-218. doi: 10.24002/jik.v18i2.2396

Setyowati, D. (2020). Pengguna Internet Indonesia Naik Jadi 196,7 Juta, Peluang Bagi Startup. Access from https://katadata.co.id/desysetyowati/digital/5fa911794f3e6/pengguna-internet-indonesia-naik-jadi-196-7-juta-peluang-bagi-startup

Shopiani, B. S., Wilodati, W., & Supriadi, U. (2021). Fenonema Victim Blaming pada Mahasiswa terhadap Korban Pelecehan Seksual. SOSIETAS (Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi), 11(1), pp. 940-955. doi: 10.17509/sosietas.v11i1.36089

Statista.com. (2021). Leading countries based on Facebook audience size as of January 2021 (in millions). Acces from https://www.statista.com/statistics/268136/top-15-countries-based-on-number-of-facebook-users/

Suler, J. (2004). The online disinhibition effect. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 7(3), pp. 321-326. doi: 10.1089/1094931041291295

Triwijati, N. E. (2007). Pelecehan Seksual: Tinjauan Psikologis. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik, 4, pp. 303-306.

Vilanova, F., Beria, F. M., Costa, Â. B., & Koller, S. H. (2017). Deindividuation: From Le Bon to the social identity model of deindividuation effects. Cogent Psychology, 4(1), pp. 1308104. doi: 10.1080/23311908.2017.1308104

Wijayanti, P. (2016). Status Sindiran Dalam Media Sosial Twitter. Universitas Gadjah Mada.

Zulfa, H., Khairani, M., Rachmatan, R., & Amna, Z. (2022). Hubungan Antara Religiusitas dengan Perilaku Cybersex pada Remaja di Aceh. Journal of Community Mental Health and Public Policy, 4(2), pp. 95-105. doi: 10.51602/cmhp.v4i2.71

Published
2024-04-05
How to Cite
Rosemary, R., Wardhana, A. B., Syam, H. M., & Susilawati, N. (2024). THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANONYMITY AND CYBER SEXUAL HARASSMENT BY TWITTER USERS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. Journal of Community Mental Health and Public Policy, 6(2), 95-104. https://doi.org/10.51602/cmhp.v6i2.131
Section
Articles